12V to 220V Inverter Circuit Diagram for Home Appliances

Work / Installation (Inputs → Outputs)

The input is a supply of 12 V DC, commonly a battery. The circuit of the oscillator creates alternating pulses, which cause MOSFETs to reverse the current. The switched current is then fed to the step-up transformer that increases the voltage of the 12V current to 220V AC. The resulting output can then be used to turn on the home appliances like lights, fans, and chargers. To achieve stable performance, a high-capacity battery and a transformer with a load rating should be used. To add a filter capacitor is required in case of a smoother output.

Testing & Final Adjustments

After assembling, connect a 12V battery and measure the output across a multimeter. The AC voltage is expected to be about 220 V. Start with the low-power load, like an LED bulb, to confirm that the system is functioning. Ensure that the MOSFETs are not getting hot; otherwise, apply a cooling fan and a heatsink. Make sure that the transformer rating is the same as the load required. In the case of sensitive electronics, a pure sine wave design or filtering to smooth the waveform is used. Increment the load progressively and see that it is stable. When the inverter is not able to work or just switches off, the level of charge in the battery and wiring connections should be checked. Adjust the frequency of the oscillator (typically to 50Hz) to the right frequency. The inverter may supply reliable power to household appliances, solar backup, and even as an emergency power supply with appropriate adaptations.